I am not a bot or an auto-generating software program. I am a professional indexer (human) who has been indexing scholarly and trade publications for 15 years. If you wish to interview me via video or over the phone, I welcome the opportunity to discuss your project personally. Please reach out by email to set up a time.
I do not use LLMs or other AI tools for my indexing process or services provided to my clients.
The current professional assessment is that using large language model AIs (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and Claude to generate indexes does not produce results that come anywhere near meeting standards for excellence in Indexing. Again, I do not use them. If you hire someone else, ask them if they do before you hire them. They shouldn't be using these tools without your permission as that is an ethical and legal violation of your rights. That includes the uploading of or sharing of your manuscripts with LLMs without your explicit permission.
Current LLMs still fail at the indexer’s primary task: to ensure readers find needed information. Professional tests done ongoing since February 2025 have shown that LLMs typically provide inadequate structure and inappropriate structure and cross-references, both under- and over- index material, and can produce inaccurate indexes that require significant human remediation. Each of these is problematic:
Inadequate or inappropriate index structure, especially with regards to cross-references, prevents readers from effectively navigating to subtopics and related topics while misrepresenting the focus of the book
Under- and over-indexing produces bloated indexes that omit significant content. Over-indexing increases printing costs and requires readers to wade through irrelevant material to reach desired content; under-indexing prevents readers from locating information and misdirects readers into thinking information isn’t included in the book
Accuracy issues—including failure to pass a standard test for page reference accuracy and an extremely high rate of issues that require manual remediation— waste readers’ time and breaks the trust between readers and the book
The human brain of a professional indexer is still the best tool for analyzing, writing, and editing an index in full awareness of context as per quality standards.
For more information including usability studies, FAQs on AI and indexing, and additional resources from the AI Committee of the American Society for Indexing (2026), go to: https://asindexing.org/ai-and-indexing/